During this period, research coalesced around the maturation of cochlear transduction as the central mechanism for hearing, linking hair cell physiology to the emergence of reliable neural coding. There was a strong emphasis on the anatomical organization of inner and outer hair cells and their stereocilia, paired with developmental timelines spanning embryonic stages to early postnatal life. Methodologies combined detailed structural mapping with functional and developmental measurements, yielding an integrative view of how the cochlea becomes a spectral processor.